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Many are familiar with GPS' use as a receiving technology. That is, a GPS unit on a phone or other gadget uses data from satellites to accurately position travelers on maps, displaying nearby points of interest. Fewer realize that a GPS tracking device cannot only receive a current location, but can also transmit it as well.

GPS is a receive-only technology. That is, an unmodified GPS device does not transmit information in order to track someone's location. A GPS tracking device augments this passive reception by transmitting periodic "locates" to a receiver. These packets include location along with time, speed and direction of travel. By logging these reports, GPS trackers are able to pinpoint someone's or something's location on a map in resolutions from real time to once every few minutes or hours.

Broadly speaking, a GPS tracking device transmits location data under three different circumstances. Motion-based devices report their position whenever a device is moving. These use the least amount of power, as they can autonomously decide when to activate and deactivate.

Constantly-tracking systems never shut off, transmitting location data in real time. These devices will run through an on-board battery rather quickly, and must generally be tied into an external power supply to be useful.

Finally, request-based systems only transmit location data when asked to do so. These systems represent a compromise between both extremes. While they do not use as much power as systems that constantly report back, they must listen for a signal at all times.

GPS tracking devices transmit location data over the cellular GSM network. The same technology used by mobile broadband is perfect for remotely tracking a GPS unit. Not only does transmitting small amounts of data over cellular networks use very little power, but the transmissions can be received by internet hosts and displayed on highly accurate maps of an area's streets and nearby features.

Non real time devices are also available. Instead of transmitting data back to a receiver, this type of GPS tracking device maintains an on-board log of location data. While this style may be less expensive and draw less power, it relies upon retrieval of the device and logs in order to determine where the unit has been.

The most common use for a GPS tracking device is on vehicles. Companies can save lots of money by tracking unauthorized use of cars, acting in real time to prevent employee theft and accidents. Even a non real time unit can save cash by revealing illicit use.

Tracking teenagers' vehicles is another common application. A GPS tracking device can locate a missing child immediately, potentially saving them from a dangerous situation. Even responsible adults or well-behaved children might benefit from a significant other or parent being able to locate them instantly and accurately.

GPS tracking devices are also becoming smarter. Many use the GPS receivers and internet connections of smartphones to facilitate stealthy tracking and reporting. Disguising themselves as innocuous applications, these trackers report a user's location periodically or on request. It can then be displayed on a detailed Google or other topographic map, making it easier than ever to secretly track someone or to locate a friend or family member.

GPS tracking devices come in a number of forms and have many applications. Not only can they maintain peace of mind, but they can also save money and lives. If you are a parent wanting to keep tabs on an active child, or a company wishing to track a fleet of vehicles, you owe it to yourself to evaluate what GPS tracking devices have to offer.